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Stephen R. Marsh is an American game designer and lawyer best known for his contributions to early editions of TSR's ''Dungeons & Dragons'' fantasy tabletop role-playing game (RPG). Some of the creatures he created for the original edition of ''D&D'' in 1975 have been included in every subsequent edition of the game. ==Game design career== While attending high school in Las Vegas, Marsh began to play military boardgames. His interest led him to attempt to design what would now be called a roleplaying game based on his board games and using ''The Golden Bough'' as the basis for a magic system. However, he was unable to come up with a satisfactory system until he borrowed a copy of the recently published D&D rules from classmate Sandy Petersen. (Peterson would go on to create the ''Call of Cthulhu'' RPG in 1981.) After reading the rules of this new game, Marsh began to correspond with D&D co-creator Gary Gygax. Marsh eventually sent his own vision of an elemental plane of water to Gygax, who changed it into a system for underwater combat encounters, and subsequently incorporated it into the ''Blackmoor'' supplement published in 1975. Marsh's material introduced several new aquatic creatures, including the sahuagin, ixitchitchitl, and catoblepas. Marsh also suggested a new character class, the mystic, that could teleport to various planes of existence via mental powers. Although the character class concept was not published, some of the mental abilities of the mystic were altered and then published in the ''Eldritch Wizardry'' supplement the following year as the first psionic powers for ''D&D''. Marsh was not paid for his creative contributions to either of these rules supplements. Marsh was credited with "Special Thanks" on the credits page "for Suggestions and Contributions". Marsh claimed that when Gary Gygax was developing ''Advanced Dungeons & Dragons'', he convinced Gygax to add a Good and Evil axis to D&D's character alignment system. (Originally, characters could only be Lawful, Chaotic or Neutral. By adding a second axis, the number of possible alignments based on combinations of Law, Chaos, Good, Evil and Neutral grew from three to nine.) In 1977, all of Marsh's aquatic creature creations were converted to the new AD&D game system by Gary Gygax for use in the ''Monster Manual''; in the preface Gygax credited Marsh "for devising the creatures for undersea encounters which originally appeared in BLACKMOOR, as I have radically altered them herein." All of these creatures have been incorporated into each subsequent edition of D&D. During this time, Marsh was studying economics at California State University-Los Angeles. During one summer break, he worked at TSR, where he was lead editor on the ''Dungeons & Dragons Expert Set''. He also reviewed and approved licensed Judges Guild products, and helped create the minigame ''Saga'',〔 for which he received one royalty payment — the only time he received compensation for creative work other than his salary.〔''Save or Die: Interview with Steve Marsh'', 13:00〕 After earning his B.A. (Economics) in 1979, Marsh enrolled in law school at Brigham Young University, and was admitted to the bar in 1982. He continued to correspond with Gygax in the hopes of creating a hardcover book for which he would be paid royalties, and he convinced Gygax that a rule book about travel to different planes would be worthwhile. Together, Marsh and Gygax started to develop a new AD&D rulebook, ''The Planes of Existence'', which Gygax mentioned in his column in the March 1980 issue of ''Dragon''. A color cube illustrating how their planes would interface appeared in the May 1983 issue of ''Dragon''. However, just as the manuscript was being readied for a 1986 publication date, Gygax was forced out of TSR, all Gygax-related projects were immediately shelved, and the book was never published. In 2008, several previously unpublished Lovecraft-inspired monsters created by Marsh for his home campaign were published in ''Monsters of Myth'', an e-book published by the First Edition Society. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stephen R. Marsh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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